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רבינו יונה על משלי · משלי ג, ה

ראשונים

רבינו יונה על משלי

משלי ג, ה

רבינו יונה מגירונדי

בְּטַח אֶל ה׳ בְּכָל לִבֶּךָ בְּלֵב שָׁלֵם שֶׁתִּבְטַח בּוֹ בֶּאֱמֶת הִנֵּה כְּתִיב דַּע אֶת אֱלֹקֵי אָבִיךָ וְעָבְדֵהוּ בְּלֵב שָׁלֵם וּבְנֶפֶשׁ חֲפֵצָה פֵּרוּשׁ שֶׁתַּאֲמִין בּוֹ אֱמוּנָה קַיֶּמֶת וְלֹא מְסֻפֶּקֶת וְכֵן פֵּרוּשׁ בְּכָל לִבֶּךָ שֶׁתִּבְטַח בּוֹ בֶּאֱמֶת וּבְלֵבָב שָׁלֵם וְלֹא יִכָּנֵס בְּבִטְחוֹנְךָ סָפֵק

וְאֶל בִּינָתְךָ אַל תִּשָּׁעֵן שְׁלֵמוּת הַבִּטָּחוֹן שֶׁיִּבְטַח אָדָם בַּשֵּׁם וְלֹא יִבְטַח בְּאָדָם וְלֹא גַם בְּכֹחַ עַצְמוֹ וְעֹצֶם יָדוֹ וְלֹא בְּשִׂכְלוֹ וּתְבוּנָתוֹ וְעַל כֵּן אָמַר וְאֶל בִּינָתְךָ אַל תִּשָּׁעֵן

וּמִפְּנֵי כִּי רַבִּים יִשְׁגּוּ לִבְטֹחַ בְּבִינָתָם תַּזְהִיר עַל זֶה יוֹתֵר מִן הַבִּטָּחוֹן בָּעֹשֶׁר וּבַגְּבוּרָה וְהַשֵּׁנִית כִּי הַבִּטָּחוֹן בַּבִּינָה כָּלַל אוֹתָם כִּי לֹא יִבְטַח אָדָם בָּעֹשֶׁר וּבַגְּבוּרָה וְלֹא בְזוּלָתָם עַד שֶׁיִּרְאֶה מִבִּינָתוֹ כִּי יֵשׁ לִבְטֹחַ בָּהֶם עַל כֵּן הִזְהִיר וְאֶל בִּינָתְךָ אַל תִּשָּׁעֵן

וְהָעִנְיָן כַּאֲשֶׁר יֵרָאֶה לְךָ בְּשִׂכְלְךָ וּתְבוּנָתְךָ כִּי הַמַּעֲשֶׂה אֲשֶׁר תַּעֲשֶׂה יַצְלִיחַ עַל דֶּרֶךְ עֲצַת לִבְּךָ וְתַחְבּוּלוֹת אֲשֶׁר תַּחְשֹׁב אַל תִּבְטַח עַל זֶה כִּי הַכֹּל תָּלוּי בִּידֵי שָׁמַיִם

שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר מֵשִׁיב חֲכָמִים אָחוֹר וְדַעְתָּם יְסַכֵּל רַבּוֹת מַחֲשָׁבוֹת בְּלֶב אִישׁ אִם ה׳ לֹא יִבְנֶה בַיִת, שָׁוְא עָמְלוּ בוֹנָיו בּוֹ וְנֶאֱמַר כִּי כָּל מַעֲשֵׂנוּ הֶבֶל וְנֶאֱמַר כִּי לֹא לַקַּלִּים הַמֵּרוֹץ וְנֶאֱמַר לְאָדָם מַעַרְכֵי לֵב, וּמֵה׳ מַעֲנֵה לָשׁוֹן הִנֵּה כִּי גַם מַעֲנֵה לָשׁוֹן אֵינֶנּוּ בְּיַד הָאָדָם אַף כִּי הַפּוֹעַל

ענינים בה׳ לבדו

יאבְּכָל

Rabbeinu Yonah on Mishlei · Mishlei 3:5

Rishonim

Complete bitachon leans on no one, not even on one’s own understanding

Rabbeinu Yonah on Mishlei, Mishlei 3:5

Rabbeinu Yonah of Gerona · Spain, died 1263

Trust in Hashem with a whole heart, meaning that you should trust in Him in truth. Behold, it is written: “know the G-d of your father and serve Him with a whole heart and a willing soul.” (Divrei HaYamim I 28:9) The explanation of בְּלֵב שָׁלֵם is: that you should believe in Him with an established emunah and not a doubting one. And likewise, the explanation of בְּכָל לִבֶּךָ [in our pasuk] is: that you should trust in Him in truth and with a whole heart, and no doubt should enter into your bitachon.

And upon your binah do not lean. The perfection of bitachon [is]: that a person trust in Hashem and not trust in another man, and not even in his own strength and the might of his hand, and not in his sechel and his understanding. And it is for this reason that [Shlomo HaMelech] said: “and upon your binah do not lean.”

And because many go astray by trusting in their own binah, [the pasuk] warns concerning this more forcefully than it does concerning trust in wealth or in strength. And a second reason is: that trust in binah includes trust in the others as well; for a person will not come to trust in wealth or in strength, or in anything else, until he sees from his own binah that there is reason to trust in them. It is on this account that he warned, saying: “and upon your binah do not lean.”

And the matter [of what this warning requires] is this: when it appears to you, through your sechel and your understanding, that the deed which you are about to perform will succeed, thanks to the planning of your heart and the plans you have devised, do not trust in this, for everything is dependent upon the hand of Heaven.

This is as it says: “Hashem turns the wise back and renders their knowledge foolish”; and “many are the thoughts in the heart of a man, but the plan of Hashem is what shall stand”; and “if Hashem does not build the house, in vain do its builders labor upon it”; and it is further said: “for all our deeds are vanity”; and it is said: “for the race is not to the swift [and the battle is not to the strong].” And it is said: “to man belong the orderings of the heart, but from Hashem comes the answer of the tongue.” Behold, if even the answer of the tongue is not in the hand of a person, how much more so the deed itself. (Yeshayahu 44:25; Mishlei 19:21; Tehillim 127:1; Yirmiyahu 10:15; Koheles 9:11; Mishlei 16:1)

Threads In Hashem alone

Hebrew Al-HaTorah edition (in preparation), as printed by permission in Rabbeinu Yonah on Mishlei: An Elucidated English Edition, ch. 3 (2026)

English Rabbeinu Yonah on Mishlei: An Elucidated English Edition, ch. 3 (2026)

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